Hebdidge - A subculture is a group of like minded individuals who feel neglected by societal standards and who develop a sense of identity which differs to the dominant on to which they belong.
Acland - Media representations of youth maintain social order/hegemony (the ones in control have the
most influence) 1995
- Ideology of protection
Giroux - Youth becomes an empty category in representation and reflects adult concerns 1997
Deviancy Amplification (Wilkins 1964)
Althusser - Ideological State Apparatus. Dominant ideology reinforced through different groups including media.